oauth tutorial - OAuth Client Credentials - oauth2 tutorial - oauth authentication



What is Client Credentials in OAuth 2.0?

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  • The client credentials are used as an authorization grant when the client is the resource owner to protected resources which is done under the control of the client.
  • The client credentials requests an access token only with the help of client credentials.
  • The client credentials authorization flow is used to acquire an access token in order to authorize API requests.
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  • The Client Credentials grant is used when the applications request an access token to access their own resources, which is done based on the user
  • Using client credentials authorization, access token is acquired which grants permission for the client application to search and get catalog documents.
  • The diagram which is given below describes the client credentials flow
 process of client credentials flow in oauth

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Description of the diagram:

  • The client sends the client credentials with the authorization server authenticates with the authorization server
  • The authorization server authenticates the client and provides access token with no refresh token and send it back to the client
  • The client access protected resource with the access token in the resource server
  • Hence the resource sends back a protected resource response to the client
  • The table which is given below lists the concepts of Client Credentials.
Sr.No. Concept & Description
1 Obtaining End-User Authorization

The authorization end point is typically URI on the authorization server in which the resource owner logs in and permits to access the data to the client application.

2 Authorization Response

The authorization response can be used to get the access token for accessing the owner resources in the system using the authorization code.

3 Error Response and Codes

The authorization server responds with a HTTP 400 or 401 (bad request) status codes, if an error occurs during authorization.

Client Credentials Grant flow

  • The Client Credentials grant is suitable for machine-to-machine authentication The client Credentials grant sends a POST request with parameters which are given below to the authorization server:
    • grant_type is a grant with the value client_credentials
    • client_id is a client_id which is given
    • Client_secret is a client’s secret which is used to redirect the URL.
    • Scope is done with a space-limited list of requested scope permissions.
  • The Client Credentials grant will respond with a JSON object with parameters which are given below to the authorization server:
    • token_type is given with the value Bearer
    • expires_in with an integer represents the TTL of the access token
    • access token is a JWT signed with the authorization server’s private key
 process of client credentials grant flow in oauth

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Client Credentials Grant Request

  • The client credentials Grant Request makes a request to the authorization server, including the HTTP basic authentication header and optionally a client assertion.
  • The client credentials Grant Request can use a generated client assertion or build a new assertion client.
  • Hence the client credentials grant request contains the parameters which are given below:
grant_type It is required and must be set to client_credentials.
scope It is optional and also known as the scope of the authorization.

Client Credentials Grant Response

  • The Client Credentials Grant Response authenticates the client based on the authorization header or assertion.
  • If the client credentials Grant Response is authenticated, then the client gets an access token as a grant response.
  • The client credentials grant response contains the parameters which are given below:
{ "access_token"  : "...",
  "token_type"    : "...",
  "expires_in"    : "...",
}
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  • The access_token is the access token which is assigned by the authorization server.
  • The token_type is a type of token which is assigned by the authorization server.
  • The expires_in is a number of seconds after which the access token expires, and is no longer valid.
  • A refresh token should not be included for this type of authorization request.

Username/Password - Password Grant

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Application Access - Client Credentials Grant

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Mobile Apps - Implicit Grant

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Redirect back to your app

  • Facebook app redirects back to your app using a custom URI scheme.
  • Access token is included in the redirect, just like browser-based apps.
  • fb2865://authorize/#access_token=BAAEEmo2nocQBAFFOeRTd
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    Grant Type Review

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