BMT Full Form | Full Form of BMT
BMT Full Form - Bone Marrow Transplant
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Bone Marrow Transplant
- BMT stands for Bone Marrow Transplant. It refers to a medical procedure in which diseased or damaged bone marrow is replaced with healthy bone marrow.
- It's mainly performed to treat blood cancers like leukemia, Thalassemia, lymphomas and in the treatment of varied other kinds of cancers.
- Bone marrow may be a soft, spongy tissue inside your bones that contains stem cells.
- These stem cells differentiate into different types of blood cells like WBCS, RBCS and platelets. Its main job is to produce blood cells or blood components.
Types of Bone Marrow Transplant
Types of Bone Marrow Transplant
Autologous transplant
- During this transplant, the person's own stem cells are utilized in the transplant. So, before starting this procedure, an individual's stem cells are harvested and stored. Then chemotherapy and radiation therapy is used to kill the cancer cells. After the high doses of chemo or radiation, the harvested stem cells are transferred back to the body of the person.
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Allogeneic transplant
- During this transplant, stem cells of a donor are transferred to the recipient. There should be a close genetic match between donor and recipient. This kind of transplant is needed when a person's bone marrow cells (stem cells) are damaged due to a medical condition. The success of an allogeneic transplant depends on how closely the donor cells match with the recipient cells. A brother or sister is most likely to be a good match in allogeneic bone marrow transplants.
Syngenic transplant
- During this transplant, the recipient receives stem cells from his or her identical twin. The donor cells aren't rejected by the recipient's body and therefore the recipient's cells also are not attacked by the donor cells