LAN Full Form | Full Form of LAN

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Local Area Network

LAN stands for Local-area Network. It’s a computer network that covers a comparatively small area like within a building or campus of up to a few kilometers in size.
LANs are generally used to connect personal computers and workstations in company offices to share common resources, like printers, and exchange information.
Varieties of experimental and early commercial LAN technologies were developed within the 1970s.
Cambridge Ring was developed at Cambridge University in 1974.
Ethernet was developed at Xerox PARC between 1973 and 1974. ARCNET was developed by Data point Corporation in 1976 and announced in 1977.

Characteristics

Privacy :
- LAN is a private network, thus no outside regulatory body controls it, giving it privacy.
High Speed :
- LAN offers a way higher speed (around 100 mbps) and data transfer rate comparatively to WAN.
Supports different transmission mediums :
- LAN support a spread of communications transmission medium like an Ethernet cable (thin cable, thick cable, and twisted pair), fiber and wireless transmission.
Inexpensive and Simple :
- A LAN usually has low cost, installation, expansion and maintenance and LAN installation is comparatively easy to use, good scalability.

It allows the sharing of costly resources like printers, scanners among all of the computers. Thus, it reduces cost in hardware purchases.
It also allows sharing of software, rather than purchasing the separately licensed software for every client during a network.
Data is stored on the server computer, which makes it easier to manage data and makes the data safer, because it is stored at just one place.
Communication among the connected computers is easy and cheap as data and messages can easily be shared with the opposite computers connected across the network.
Local Area Network also provides the ability to share one internet connection among all the LAN users.

The initial setup costs of putting in Local Area Networks are high because there's special software required to form a server.
Communication devices like an Ethernet cable, switches, hubs, routers, cables are costly.
LAN administrator can see and check personal data files also as Internet history of each and every LAN user. Hence, the privacy of the users are violated.
LANs are restricted in size and cover only a limited area.
Since all the data is stored during a single server computer, if it is accessed by an unauthorized user, can cause a significant data security threat.